Some Affordable Care Act customers who lost coverage in the Trump administration’s fraud crackdown are being reinstated after insurers determined their plans should not have been canceled. The administration has disclosed few details about how many people have regained coverage or how many of the original cancellations involved legitimate customers. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services said in late August that it canceled about 315,000 enrollments covering more than 760,000 people in states that use the federal HealthCare.gov marketplace. The agency described the sign-ups as unauthorized and pointed to potential savings for taxpayers. Insurers have since restored coverage for a small number of people, according to industry representatives, and more may seek reinstatement after discovering they are uninsured while trying to use their plans. A second phase of the review is underway, covering another 419,000 sign-ups. Insurers are expected to report around mid-to-late November how many people did not respond to outreach, said David Merritt, a senior vice president at the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. The association confirmed that some of its members were reinstated and said CMS has an expedited review process for people who believe they were improperly disenrolled. The initial review began in June, when CMS selected nearly 1.2 million enrollments that had four warning signs: no Social Security or immigration document number on the application, a broker involved in enrollment, no monthly premium payment, and no contact with the insurer or claims filed. Insurers were instructed to try at least two ways to reach each affected enrollee and give them 30 days to respond with missing information. Those who did not respond were removed. The crackdown addresses a longstanding concern that rogue insurance agents have enrolled or switched customers without their permission, sometimes to collect commissions. Supporters say the federal marketplace needed a tougher response. Brian Blase of the Paragon Health Institute argued that more than 99% of the cancellations involved zero-premium plans arranged without customers’ knowledge or people who did not exist. But the same warning signs can also describe legitimate customers. Someone may go a year without filing a claim, ignore calls from an unfamiliar number or miss a letter. A missing Social Security number may be an oversight or not required for a family member who is not applying for coverage. Policy experts say the limited information released by CMS makes it difficult to determine how many people were improperly caught up in the sweep. “There will be legitimate people who don’t have a claim or don’t respond to an inquiry from an insurer,” said Matthew Fiedler, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. He said the agency’s approach was more targeted than removing people at random, but could still miss its mark. CMS has not provided a breakdown of cancellations by reason, including how many involved incorrect income information, other health coverage or missing documents. The agency said it had no additional data to share. Georgetown Law’s Katie Keith said that without more information, it is difficult to distinguish unauthorized enrollments from valid ones disrupted by the review. The cancellations come amid broader Republican efforts to target fraud in government programs. At an Oct. 14 news conference, Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and CMS Administrator Mehmet Oz also highlighted the removal of subsidies for about 189,000 ACA enrollees with duplicate Medicare, Medicaid or Children’s Health Insurance Program coverage, or coverage that continued after a person’s death. Officials said those cases reflected failures to identify overlapping coverage, not necessarily fraud. The administration’s actions come as ACA enrollment has already fallen by nearly 3 million in the first months of 2026. The decline is due in large part to the expiration of enhanced subsidies at the end of 2025, while the administration has also credited its eligibility and fraud-control changes. The cancellations affect the federal marketplace, including states such as Texas, Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi that saw rapid enrollment growth in recent years. Insurers and policy specialists say the test of the crackdown will be whether the government can remove bogus enrollments without leaving eligible people stranded. “We’re against fraud,” said Ronnell Nolan, president and CEO of Health Agents for America. “But we don’t want people who just didn’t go to the doctor to be canceled.”